Tree and Shrub Fertilization in Rochester, New York

When it comes to fertilizing trees and shrubs in Rochester, NY, timing is crucial. Proper fertilization can boost the health and growth of your trees, while incorrect timing or application can be detrimental. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore the best times for fertilization, warning signs that your trees need nutrients, and the most effective fertilization methods.

1. Ideal Fertilization Times for Trees and Shrubs

In Rochester, NY, the best times to fertilize trees and shrubs are in spring and fall. During these seasons, trees are actively growing and can absorb the nutrients provided by fertilizers.

Fertilizing in Early Fall

Trees store food energy in early fall to prepare for winter dormancy and spring growth. Fertilizing during this time ensures that trees have sufficient energy reserves for the upcoming seasons.

Pro Tip: Avoid fertilizing too late in fall, as it can stimulate new leaf growth that will be lost during the first frost, wasting the tree’s energy reserves and affecting its growth the following spring.

Fertilizing in Spring

Spring is the season when trees emerge from dormancy and use a significant amount of energy to grow new leaves and flowers. Supplemental fertilization can help them produce stronger branches, greener leaves, and more flowers. Trees that were not in optimal health the previous fall may also require extra help to recover from depleted energy reserves during winter.

2. Times to Avoid Fertilization

There are two periods when you should generally avoid applying fertilizer: winter and summer.

Avoid Winter Fertilization

During winter, the visible parts of trees are dormant, and applying fertilizer can harm delicate root systems that continue to grow and absorb water when the soil isn’t frozen. Excess fertilizer can also contribute to water pollution, as it’s washed away by winter rains and snowmelt.

When Not to Fertilize in Summer

Most healthy trees produce enough food energy through photosynthesis to support their growth during summer, making fertilization unnecessary. Over-fertilization can lead to excessive growth, which requires additional pruning and makes trees more susceptible to damage from fertilizer salts, heat, drought, and sunlight.

When to Fertilize in Summer

In some cases, summer fertilization is necessary, particularly when trees show signs of nutrient deficiency, declining health, or root and branch damage. The key is to use gentle, slow-release fertilizers and apply them to the root system.

One of the best ways to fertilize in summer is to use compost tea soil injections, ensuring that nutrients reach the roots without overwhelming the tree.

3. Signs Your Trees and Shrubs Need Fertilization

Signs of Nutrient Deficiency

Common symptoms of nutrient deficiencies in trees include:

• Yellow leaves
• Stunted growth
• Bare twigs and a patchy crown
• Drooping leaves and early leaf drop
• Stunted fruit and excessive fruit drop

Pro Tip: These symptoms may also indicate other tree health problems. Consult a certified arborist for a professional evaluation to rule out insects, diseases, or environmental issues as the cause of your trees’ declining health.

Soil Testing for Nutrient Deficiencies

A soil test from a qualified testing lab can help determine the nutrients your trees and shrubs need and the appropriate amount of fertilizer to apply. Too much nitrogen and phosphorus can cause issues for trees, such as decreased fruiting and preventing the uptake of other key micronutrients.

Using a professional soil test is recommended over store-bought kits, as the results are more accurate and reliable.

Fertilizing Damaged or Declining Trees

Trees that have been damaged by storms, construction, pests, diseases, or over-pruning may benefit from supplemental fertilization, even during summer. Gentle fertilization methods, like deep root injections of compost tea, can help damaged and declining trees recover.

4. The Right Fertilizers and Application Methods

Avoid Fertilizing Young & Newly Planted Trees

Young and newly planted trees should generally not be fertilized, as growth-stimulating fertilizers can stress them out. Their root systems and branch structures are too small to support rapid growth. Instead, allow new trees to settle in slowly for the first year without supplemental fertilization.

Don’t Over-Fertilize Healthy Mature Trees

Mature trees and those beginning their natural decline don’t benefit from heavy fertilization. If you need to fertilize mature trees, injections of compost tea tailored to your specific trees are recommended.

Don’t Use Lawn Fertilizer on Trees & Shrubs

Lawn fertilizer is not suitable for trees and shrubs, as turfgrasses have different fertilizer requirements and growth habits. Applying the wrong mix of nutrients can stress your trees, so ensure you’re using the correct fertilizer.

5. Additional Fertilization Tips

• Consult a certified arborist to ensure you’re using the right fertilization techniques and products for your specific trees and shrubs.
• Always follow the recommended application rates and methods for your chosen fertilizer.
• Monitor your trees and shrubs for signs of nutrient deficiencies or other health issues, and adjust your fertilization plan as needed.

6. Tree Service Rochester NY: Your Local Tree Fertilization Experts

If you’re unsure about when to fertilize, what products to use, or how to properly care for your trees and shrubs, our Rochester tree service team is here to help. We can evaluate your trees and shrubs, conduct soil tests, and design a comprehensive health maintenance program for your landscape plants. As experienced arborists and tree care professionals, we’re passionate about trees and even offer our clients free deep root fertilization after planting a new tree in their garden. Contact us today for expert assistance with all your tree fertilization needs!

Also read about why mushrooms are on your trees.